This proxy server, also known as a WAP gateway, is responsible for a wide variety of functions such as protocol translation and optimizing data transfer over the wireless medium. It specifies a proxy server that acts as an interface between the wireless domain and core wired network. To start session, the client invokes a WSP primitives that provide some parameters, such as the server address, client address and client headers. WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol. WTLS incorporates security features that are based upon the established Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol standard. Internet protocols are not designed to operate efficiently over mobile networks. For an IP bearer, the transport protocol (WDP) is implemented by User Datagram Protocol (UDP). This means that the internal workings of any layer are transparent or invisible to the layers above it. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with information and services. Thus, WDP is defined for a variety of bearers.
It includes data integrity checks, privacy, service denial, and authentication services.Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP). It specifies a proxy server that acts as an interface between the wireless domain and core wired network. The layered architecture allows other applications and services to utilise the features provided by the WAP-stack as well. WAP aims at integrating a simple lightweight browser also known as a micro-browser into handheld devices, thus requiring minimal amounts of resources such as WAP tries to compensate for the shortfalls of the wireless handheld devices and the wireless link by incorporating more intelligence into the network nodes such as the The primary objectives of the WAP protocol suite are the following.WAP adopts a client-server approach. A “standard” created by wireless and Internet companies to enable Internet access from a cellular phone Bearer services are the communication between the mobile phone and the base stations. WAP Protocols cover both the application (WAE), and the underlying transport layers (WSP and WTP, WTLS, and WDP). WML and WMLScript are collectively known as WAE, the Wireless Application Environment. WAP has spearheaded today’s Internet communication and advanced telephony services. The access point (abbreviated AP or WAP (for wireless access point)), is a networking hardware device, such as a wireless router, that transmits and receives data (sometimes referred to as a transceiver) and also can serve as the bridge between the WAP device and a wired LAN (Local Area Network), which facilitates connectivity between nearby wireless clients. Unlike HTTP, WSP has been designed by the WAP Forum to provide fast connection suspension and reconnection.Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP). In some respects, WSP is basically a binary form of HTTP.Provides different methods for performing transaction to varying degree of reliability.Optional layer that provides, when authentication, privacy and secure connection is present, between applications. As described earlier the 'bearer' level of WAP depends on the type of mobile network. WAP is an open protocol for wireless multimedia messaging. WAP is similar to HTML, except that it has been optimized for- It is based on A Standard SSL session is opened between the web server and the WAP gateway, and WTLS session is initialized between the This is the bottom layer, connected with the bearer service offered by the operator. WAP(Wireless Application Protocol) allows the design of advanced, interactive, and real-time mobile services, such as mobile banking or Internet-based news and travel services.
The only difference is the presence of the WAP gateway is translating between HTTP and WAP.The three sections to be mentioned regarding WAP client are WAE user agent, WTA user agent and WAP stack.The element in the network where the information (web, WAP) applications reside are WAP proxy, WAP gateway or WAP server −WAP Gateway is basically software that is placed between a network that supports WAP protocol stack is shown in the following figure −The application layer provides an application environment intended for the development and execution of portable application and services WAE consists of two different user agents located on client side.The WAE user agent consists of browser and the text message editor along with the WTA user agent.The session layer supplies methods for the organized exchange of content between Client/Service applications.The connectionless session service provides only non-confirmed service. WAP to be used for various network types with specific bearer functions. … This proxy server, also known as a The WAP Architecture has been designed to closely follow the web. WAP adopts a client-server approach. It includes data integrity checks, privacy, service denial, and authentication services. The WTP runs on top of a datagram service, such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and is part of the standard suite of TCP/IP protocols used to provide a simplified protocol suitable for low bandwidth wireless stations.Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS). This makes it possible to use the WAP-stack for services and applications that currently are not specified by WAP.The WAP protocol architecture is shown below alongside a typical Internet Protocol stack.Note that the mobile network bearers in the lower part of the figure above are not part of the WAP protocol stack.
It could be CSD, SMS, CDMA,